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Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
Merenre Nemtyemsaf II was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth and penultimate ruler of the 6th Dynasty.〔Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen'', Münchner ägyptologische Studien, Heft 49, Mainz : Philip von Zabern, 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2591-6, see pp.64–65, king No 6.〕 He reigned for 1 year and 1 month in the first half of the 22nd century BC, at the very end of the Old Kingdom period. Nemtyemsaf II likely accessed the throne an old man, succeeding his long-lived father Pepi II Neferkare at a time when the power of the pharaoh was crumbling.
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==Attestations==
Merenre Nemtyemsaf II is attested on the 4th line, column 6 of the Turin canon, a king list redacted in the early Ramesside Period. Although his name is lost in the canon, the duration of its reign is still readable as 1 year and 1 month, following the reign of Pepi II Neferkare.〔Darrell D. Baker: ''The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC'', Stacey International, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, 2008, p. 211–212〕 Nemtyemsaf II is also attested on the 39th entry of the Abydos King List,〔 which dates to the reign of Seti I and constitutes one of the best preserved historical records for the end of the Old Kingdom and beginning of the First Intermediate Period. The Abydos king list is the only document where Nemtyemsaf II bears the throne name Merenre. A later historial source also records the existence of Nemtyemsaf II: indeed he is mentioned in Manetho's ''Aegyptiaca'', an history of Egypt written in the 3rd century BC. Manetho gives Nemtyemsaf II's name as Menthesouphis and credits him with one year of reign.〔Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägypten'' (Chronology of the Egyptian Pharaohs), Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern (1997), p. 152.〕
There is only one contemporary artefact known for sure to belong to Nemtyemsaf II. It is a damaged false door inscribed with ''Sa-nesu semsu Nemtyemsaf'' meaning "The elder king's son Nemtyemsaf" and discovered near the site of the pyramid of Neith, Pepi II's half-sister and queen and most likely Nemtyemsaf II's mother.〔Aidan Dodson and Dyan Hilton: ''The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt'', Thames & Hudson (2004), ISBN 0-500-05128-3, see p. 73〕〔 As indicated by the epithet of "elder king's son", this inscription was made before Nemtyemsaf's accession to the throne, when he was the heir apparent and also shows that he bore this name before becoming a pharaoh.〔Gustave Jéquier: ''Les pyramides des reines Neit et Apouit'', Imprimerie de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, Cairo (1933), new edition: Service des antiquites de l'Egypte (1984), ISBN 978-9770104934.〕 A second artefact may possibly belong to Nemtyemsaf II: a decree to protect the funerary cults of queens Ankhesenpepi I and Neith discovered in the mortuary temple of queen Neith.〔Kurt Sethe (editor): ''Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums'', Vol. 1: ''Urkunden des alten Reiches'', Hinrichs, Leipzig 1933, num. 307 (available online ).〕〔Hans Goedicke: ''Königliche Dokumente aus dem Alten Reich'', Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz (1967), p. 158–162.〕 If this decree was indeed issued by Nemtyemsaf II, his Horus name would be ''S()tawy'' meaning "He who causes the two lands to...".
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